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- **Core Coding**: GLM-4.7 brings clear gains, compared to its predecessor GLM-4.6, in multilingual agentic coding and terminal-based tasks, including (73.8%, +5.8%) on SWE-bench, (66.7%, +12.9%) on SWE-bench Multilingual, and (41%, +16.5%) on Terminal Bench 2.0. GLM-4.7 also supports thinking before acting, with significant improvements on complex tasks in mainstream agent frameworks such as Claude Code, Kilo Code, Cline, and Roo Code. - **Vibe Coding**: GLM-4.7 takes a big step forward in improving UI quality. It produces cleaner, more modern webpages and generates better-looking slides with more accurate layout and sizing. - **Tool Using**: GLM-4.7 achieves significantly improvements in Tool using. Significant better performances can be seen on benchmarks such as τ^2-Bench and on web browsing via BrowseComp. - **Complex Reasoning**: GLM-4.7 delivers a substantial boost in mathematical and reasoning capabilities, achieving (42.8%, +12.4%) on the HLE (Humanity’s Last Exam) benchmark compared to GLM-4.6. You can also see significant improvements in many other scenarios such as chat, creative writing, and role-play scenario. **Performances on Benchmarks.** More detailed comparisons of GLM-4.7 with other models GPT-5-High, GPT-5.1-High, Claude Sonnet 4.5, Gemini 3.0 Pro, DeepSeek-V3.2, Kimi K2 Thinking, on 17 benchmarks (including 8 reasoning, 5 coding, and 3 agents benchmarks) can be seen in the below table.

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glm-4-9b

zai-org

GLM-4-9B 是智谱 AI 推出的最新一代预训练模型 GLM-4 系列中的开源版本。 在语义、数学、推理、代码和知识等多方面的数据集测评中, **GLM-4-9B** 及其人类偏好对齐的版本 **GLM-4-9B-Chat** 均表现出超越 Llama-3-8B 的卓越性能。除了能进行多轮对话,GLM-4-9B-Chat 还具备网页浏览、代码执行、自定义工具调用(Function Call)和长文本推理(支持最大 128K 上下文)等高级功能。本代模型增加了多语言支持,支持包括日语,韩语,德语在内的 26 种语言。我们还推出了支持 1M 上下文长度(约 200 万中文字符)的 **GLM-4-9B-Chat-1M** 模型和基于 GLM-4-9B 的多模态模型 GLM-4V-9B。**GLM-4V-9B** 具备 1120 * 1120 高分辨率下的中英双语多轮对话能力,在中英文综合能力、感知推理、文字识别、图表理解等多方面多模态评测中,GLM-4V-9B 表现出超越 GPT-4-turbo-2024-04-09、Gemini 1.0 Pro、Qwen-VL-Max 和 Claude 3 Opus 的卓越性能。

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The GLM family welcomes new members, the **GLM-4-32B-0414** series models, featuring 32 billion parameters. Its performance is comparable to OpenAI’s GPT series and DeepSeek’s V3/R1 series. It also supports very user-friendly local deployment features. GLM-4-32B-Base-0414 was pre-trained on 15T of high-quality data, including substantial reasoning-type synthetic data. This lays the foundation for subsequent reinforcement learning extensions. In the post-training stage, we employed human preference alignment for dialogue scenarios. Additionally, using techniques like rejection sampling and reinforcement learning, we enhanced the model’s performance in instruction following, engineering code, and function calling, thus strengthening the atomic capabilities required for agent tasks. GLM-4-32B-0414 achieves good results in engineering code, Artifact generation, function calling, search-based Q&A, and report generation. In particular, on several benchmarks, such as code generation or specific Q&A tasks, GLM-4-32B-Base-0414 achieves comparable performance with those larger models like GPT-4o and DeepSeek-V3-0324 (671B). **GLM-Z1-32B-0414** is a reasoning model with deep thinking capabilities. This was developed based on GLM-4-32B-0414 through cold start, extended reinforcement learning, and further training on tasks including mathematics, code, and logic. Compared to the base model, GLM-Z1-32B-0414 significantly improves mathematical abilities and the capability to solve complex tasks. During training, we also introduced general reinforcement learning based on pairwise ranking feedback, which enhances the model's general capabilities. **GLM-Z1-Rumination-32B-0414** is a deep reasoning model with rumination capabilities (against OpenAI's Deep Research). Unlike typical deep thinking models, the rumination model is capable of deeper and longer thinking to solve more open-ended and complex problems (e.g., writing a comparative analysis of AI development in two cities and their future development plans). Z1-Rumination is trained through scaling end-to-end reinforcement learning with responses graded by the ground truth answers or rubrics and can make use of search tools during its deep thinking process to handle complex tasks. The model shows significant improvements in research-style writing and complex tasks.

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**2024/11/25**, 我们建议使用从 `transformers>=4.46.0` 开始,使用 glm-4-9b-chat-hf 以减少后续 transformers 升级导致的兼容性问题。 **2024/07/24,我们发布了与长文本相关的最新技术解读,关注 这里 查看我们在训练 GLM-4-9B 开源模型中关于长文本技术的技术报告** GLM-4-9B 是智谱 AI 推出的最新一代预训练模型 GLM-4 系列中的开源版本。 在语义、数学、推理、代码和知识等多方面的数据集测评中,GLM-4-9B 及其人类偏好对齐的版本 GLM-4-9B-Chat 均表现出较高的性能。 除了能进行多轮对话,GLM-4-9B-Chat 还具备网页浏览、代码执行、自定义工具调用(Function Call)和长文本推理(支持最大 128K 上下文)等高级功能。 本代模型增加了多语言支持,支持包括日语,韩语,德语在内的 26 种语言。我们还推出了支持 1M 上下文长度(约 200 万中文字符)的模型。

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**2024/07/24,我们发布了与长文本相关的最新技术解读,关注 这里 查看我们在训练 GLM-4-9B 开源模型中关于长文本技术的技术报告** GLM-4-9B 是智谱 AI 推出的最新一代预训练模型 GLM-4 系列中的开源版本。 在语义、数学、推理、代码和知识等多方面的数据集测评中,GLM-4-9B 及其人类偏好对齐的版本 GLM-4-9B-Chat 均表现出较高的性能。 除了能进行多轮对话,GLM-4-9B-Chat 还具备网页浏览、代码执行、自定义工具调用(Function Call)和长文本推理(支持最大 128K 上下文)等高级功能。 本代模型增加了多语言支持,支持包括日语,韩语,德语在内的 26 种语言。我们还推出了支持 1M 上下文长度(约 200 万中文字符)的模型。 在 1M 的上下文长度下进行大海捞针实验,结果如下:

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GLM-4-9B is the open-source version of the latest generation of pre-trained models in the GLM-4 series launched by Zhipu AI. In the evaluation of data sets in semantics, mathematics, reasoning, code, and knowledge, **GLM-4-9B** and its human preference-aligned version **GLM-4-9B-Chat** have shown superior performance beyond Llama-3-8B. In addition to multi-round conversations, GLM-4-9B-Chat also has advanced features such as web browsing, code execution, custom tool calls (Function Call), and long context reasoning (supporting up to 128K context). This generation of models has added multi-language support, supporting 26 languages including Japanese, Korean, and German. We have also launched the **GLM-4-9B-Chat-1M** model that supports 1M context length (about 2 million Chinese characters) and the multimodal model GLM-4V-9B based on GLM-4-9B. **GLM-4V-9B** possesses dialogue capabilities in both Chinese and English at a high resolution of 1120*1120. In various multimodal evaluations, including comprehensive abilities in Chinese and English, perception & reasoning, text recognition, and chart understanding, GLM-4V-9B demonstrates superior performance compared to GPT-4-turbo-2024-04-09, Gemini 1.0 Pro, Qwen-VL-Max, and Claude 3 Opus. The eval_needle experiment was conducted with a context length of 1M, and the results are as follows: The tests for GLM-4-9B-Chat and Llama-3-8B-Instruct are conducted on six multilingual datasets. The test results and the corresponding languages selected for each dataset are shown in the table below:

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基础档案已收录,详细介绍后续补充。可先查看厂商、分类与来源。

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GLM-4-Voice is an end-to-end voice model launched by Zhipu AI. GLM-4-Voice can directly understand and generate Chinese and English speech, engage in real-time voice conversations, and change attributes such as emotion, intonation, speech rate, and dialect based on user instructions. 本仓库是 GLM-4-Voice 的 speech tokenizer 部分。通过在 Whisper 的 encoder 部分增加 vector quantization 进行训练,将连续的语音输入转化为离散的 token。每秒音频转化为 12.5 个离散 token。 The repo provides the speech tokenzier of GLM-4-Voice, which is trained by adding vector quantization to the encoder part of Whisper and converts continuous speech input into discrete tokens. Each second of audio is converted into 12.5 discrete tokens.

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glm-4v-9b

zai-org

GLM-4V-9B 是智谱 AI 推出的最新一代预训练模型 GLM-4 系列中的开源多模态版本。 **GLM-4V-9B** 具备 1120 * 1120 高分辨率下的中英双语多轮对话能力,在中英文综合能力、感知推理、文字识别、图表理解等多方面多模态评测中,GLM-4V-9B 表现出超越 GPT-4-turbo-2024-04-09、Gemini 1.0 Pro、Qwen-VL-Max 和 Claude 3 Opus 的卓越性能。

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GLM-5

zai-org

We are launching GLM-5, targeting complex systems engineering and long-horizon agentic tasks. Scaling is still one of the most important ways to improve the intelligence efficiency of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Compared to GLM-4.5, GLM-5 scales from 355B parameters (32B active) to 744B parameters (40B active), and increases pre-training data from 23T to 28.5T tokens. GLM-5 also integrates DeepSeek Sparse Attention (DSA), largely reducing deployment cost while preserving long-context capacity. Reinforcement learning aims to bridge the gap between competence and excellence in pre-trained models. However, deploying it at scale for LLMs is a challenge due to the RL training inefficiency. To this end, we developed slime, a novel **asynchronous RL infrastructure** that substantially improves training throughput and efficiency, enabling more fine-grained post-training iterations. With advances in both pre-training and post-training, GLM-5 delivers significant improvement compared to GLM-4.7 across a wide range of academic benchmarks and achieves best-in-class performance among all open-source models in the world on reasoning, coding, and agentic tasks, closing the gap with frontier models. > *: refers to their scores of full set. > > †: A verified version of Terminal-Bench 2.0 that fixes some ambiguous instructions. See footnote for more evaluation details.

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GLM-5.1

zai-org

GLM-5.1 is our next-generation flagship model for agentic engineering, with significantly stronger coding capabilities than its predecessor. It achieves state-of-the-art performance on SWE-Bench Pro and leads GLM-5 by a wide margin on NL2Repo (repo generation) and Terminal-Bench 2.0 (real-world terminal tasks). But the most meaningful leap goes beyond first-pass performance. Previous models—including GLM-5—tend to exhaust their repertoire early: they apply familiar techniques for quick initial gains, then plateau. Giving them more time doesn't help. GLM-5.1, by contrast, is built to stay effective on agentic tasks over much longer horizons. We've found that the model handles ambiguous problems with better judgment and stays productive over longer sessions. It breaks complex problems down, runs experiments, reads results, and identifies blockers with real precision. By revisiting its reasoning and revising its strategy through repeated iteration, GLM-5.1 sustains optimization over hundreds of rounds and thousands of tool calls. The longer it runs, the better the result.

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GLM-5.1 is our next-generation flagship model for agentic engineering, with significantly stronger coding capabilities than its predecessor. It achieves state-of-the-art performance on SWE-Bench Pro and leads GLM-5 by a wide margin on NL2Repo (repo generation) and Terminal-Bench 2.0 (real-world terminal tasks). But the most meaningful leap goes beyond first-pass performance. Previous models—including GLM-5—tend to exhaust their repertoire early: they apply familiar techniques for quick initial gains, then plateau. Giving them more time doesn't help. GLM-5.1, by contrast, is built to stay effective on agentic tasks over much longer horizons. We've found that the model handles ambiguous problems with better judgment and stays productive over longer sessions. It breaks complex problems down, runs experiments, reads results, and identifies blockers with real precision. By revisiting its reasoning and revising its strategy through repeated iteration, GLM-5.1 sustains optimization over hundreds of rounds and thousands of tool calls. The longer it runs, the better the result.

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We're introducing GLM-5.2, our latest flagship model for long-horizon tasks. It marks a substantial leap in long-horizon task capability over its predecessor GLM-5.1 and, for the first time, delivers that capability on a **solid 1M-token context**. GLM-5.2's new capabilities include: - **Solid 1M Context:** A solid 1M-token context that stably sustains long-horizon work - **Advanced Coding with Flexible Effort**: Stronger coding capabilities with multiple thinking effort levels to balance performance and latency - **Improved Architecture**: We propose IndexShare, which reuses the same indexer across every four sparse attention layers, reducing per-token FLOPs by 2.9× at a 1M context length. We also improve GLM-5.2’s MTP layer for speculative decoding, increasing the acceptance length by up to 20% - **Pure Open**: An MIT open-source license — no regional limits, technical access without borders GLM-5.2 supports deployment with the following frameworks. Feel free to try them out: - SGLang (v0.5.13.post1+) — see cookbook - vLLM (v0.23.0+) — see recipes - Transformers (v0.5.12+) — see transformers docs - KTransformers (v0.5.12+) — see tutorial - Unsloth (v0.1.47-beta+) — see guide - For deployment on the `Ascend NPU` platform, inference frameworks such as vLLM-Ascend, xLLM and SGLang are supported — see here.

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GLM-5.3 uses the same base model as GLM-5.2 — every gain comes from post-training. Compared with GLM-5.2, it is much better at complex coding and long-horizon tasks: + Stronger Coding: GLM-5.3 is the most capable open-weights model for coding, with a 50% improvement over GLM-5.2 on our in-house Z.ai Code Bench. It also achieve open-source SOTA on public benchmarks including Terminal Bench 3.0 and Agents' Last Exam. + Emergent Cyber Capability: As we scaled post-training, cyber capability developed faster than we expected. GLM-5.3 is state of the art on CyberGym for vulnerability discovery, and its gains are largest further up the exploitation chain, where it more than doubles GLM-5.2 on exploitation benchmarks. GLM-5.3 supports deployment with the following frameworks. Feel free to try them out:

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We introduce GLM-5.3-Flash, the first natively multimodal model in the GLM-5 series. With 320B total parameters and just 18B active parameters, it outperforms GLM-5.2 across benchmarks and real-world workloads at one-tenth the price, while approaching Claude Opus 4.8 on coding and agentic benchmarks. GLM-5.3-Flash starts from a newly trained base model, with its architecture and training recipe redesigned around capability and efficiency. For the first time in the GLM series, we introduce a hybrid architecture combining sparse and linear attention, sharply reducing long-context serving costs while preserving precise long-context capabilities. The model also adopts Manifold-Constrained Hyper-Connections (mHC) to further improve scaling efficiency. Together with our latest 30T-token multimodal pre-training corpus, these changes enable GLM-5.3-Flash to deliver more intelligence with less compute. GLM-5.3-Flash supports deployment with the following frameworks. Feel free to try them out:

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GLM-5-FP8

zai-org

We are launching GLM-5, targeting complex systems engineering and long-horizon agentic tasks. Scaling is still one of the most important ways to improve the intelligence efficiency of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Compared to GLM-4.5, GLM-5 scales from 355B parameters (32B active) to 744B parameters (40B active), and increases pre-training data from 23T to 28.5T tokens. GLM-5 also integrates DeepSeek Sparse Attention (DSA), largely reducing deployment cost while preserving long-context capacity. Reinforcement learning aims to bridge the gap between competence and excellence in pre-trained models. However, deploying it at scale for LLMs is a challenge due to the RL training inefficiency. To this end, we developed slime, a novel **asynchronous RL infrastructure** that substantially improves training throughput and efficiency, enabling more fine-grained post-training iterations. With advances in both pre-training and post-training, GLM-5 delivers significant improvement compared to GLM-4.7 across a wide range of academic benchmarks and achieves best-in-class performance among all open-source models in the world on reasoning, coding, and agentic tasks, closing the gap with frontier models. > *: refers to their scores of full set. > > †: A verified version of Terminal-Bench 2.0 that fixes some ambiguous instructions. See footnote for more evaluation details.

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**GLM-ASR-Nano-2512** is a robust, open-source speech recognition model with **1.5B parameters**. Designed for real-world complexity, it outperforms OpenAI Whisper V3 on multiple benchmarks while maintaining a compact size. * **Exceptional Dialect Support:** Beyond standard Mandarin and English, the model is highly optimized for **Cantonese (粤语)** and other dialects, effectively bridging the gap in dialectal speech recognition. * **Low-Volume Speech Robustness:** Specifically trained for **"Whisper/Quiet Speech"** scenarios. It captures and accurately transcribes extremely low-volume audio that traditional models often miss.

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The code for adapting this model is actively being integrated into the official `llama.cpp`. You can test it using the following adapted version: After installation, you can start the GLM-Edge Chat model using the following command: In the command-line interface, you can interact with the model by entering your requests, and the model will provide the corresponding responses.

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COST EXPLORER

好模型,也要算好成本。

费用分析

调整月度 Token 用量,直观比较不同模型的预估 API 开支。

1 M = 100 万 Token · 美元计价
仅比较同一渠道的基础文本 Token 报价

使用已采集且单位可比的 USD / 百万 Token 渠道报价。报价为采集时快照;不计缓存优惠、阶梯价、推理额外输出与税费,请以来源的当前报价为准。

MODEL HANDBOOK

读懂模型,再做选择

选型与常见问题
API 价格应该怎么比较?+

先区分输入、输出和缓存价格,再使用同一任务和用量估算总费用。图像、音频和视频可能按张、时长或分辨率计费,不能直接与 Token 单价比较。

开放权重,就代表可以免费商用吗?+

不一定。必须逐一核对具体模型版本的许可证、商用限制及使用政策。自己部署还需要考虑显存、推理资源和运维费用。

排行榜第一,就是最适合我的模型吗?+

榜单取决于测试任务、版本与评测方法。建议用实际业务样本比较准确性、时延、稳定性和成本,再选择模型。

AI NEWS · 从信息到选择

资讯看趋势,工具提效率,模型筑可能。

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