Toto (Time Series Optimized Transformer for Observability) is a family of time series foundation models for multivariate forecasting developed by Datadog. Toto 2.0 is the current generation, featuring u-μP-scaled transformers ranging from 4m to 2.5B parameters, all trained from a single recipe. Forecast quality improves reliably with parameter count across the family. The family sets a new state of the art on three forecasting benchmarks: BOOM, our observability benchmark; GIFT-Eval, the standard general-purpose benchmark; and the recent contamination-resistant TIME benchmark. Every Toto 2.0 size sits on or near the Pareto frontier on both BOOM and GIFT-Eval. The three largest sizes rank first, second, and third among foundation models on GIFT-Eval CRPS rank. On TIME, Toto 2.0 sizes take the top three spots on every metric, ahead of every other external foundation model evaluated.
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Toto (Time Series Optimized Transformer for Observability) is a family of time series foundation models for multivariate forecasting developed by Datadog. Toto 2.0 is the current generation, featuring u-μP-scaled transformers ranging from 4m to 2.5B parameters, all trained from a single recipe. Forecast quality improves reliably with parameter count across the family. The family sets a new state of the art on three forecasting benchmarks: BOOM, our observability benchmark; GIFT-Eval, the standard general-purpose benchmark; and the recent contamination-resistant TIME benchmark. Every Toto 2.0 size sits on or near the Pareto frontier on both BOOM and GIFT-Eval. The three largest sizes rank first, second, and third among foundation models on GIFT-Eval CRPS rank. On TIME, Toto 2.0 sizes take the top three spots on every metric, ahead of every other external foundation model evaluated.
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Toto (Time Series Optimized Transformer for Observability) is a family of time series foundation models for multivariate forecasting developed by Datadog. Toto 2.0 is the current generation, featuring u-μP-scaled transformers ranging from 4m to 2.5B parameters, all trained from a single recipe. Forecast quality improves reliably with parameter count across the family. The family sets a new state of the art on three forecasting benchmarks: BOOM, our observability benchmark; GIFT-Eval, the standard general-purpose benchmark; and the recent contamination-resistant TIME benchmark. Every Toto 2.0 size sits on or near the Pareto frontier on both BOOM and GIFT-Eval. The three largest sizes rank first, second, and third among foundation models on GIFT-Eval CRPS rank. On TIME, Toto 2.0 sizes take the top three spots on every metric, ahead of every other external foundation model evaluated.
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Toto (Time Series Optimized Transformer for Observability) is a family of time series foundation models for multivariate forecasting developed by Datadog. Toto 2.0 is the current generation, featuring u-μP-scaled transformers ranging from 4m to 2.5B parameters, all trained from a single recipe. Forecast quality improves reliably with parameter count across the family. The family sets a new state of the art on three forecasting benchmarks: BOOM, our observability benchmark; GIFT-Eval, the standard general-purpose benchmark; and the recent contamination-resistant TIME benchmark. Every Toto 2.0 size sits on or near the Pareto frontier on both BOOM and GIFT-Eval. The three largest sizes rank first, second, and third among foundation models on GIFT-Eval CRPS rank. On TIME, Toto 2.0 sizes take the top three spots on every metric, ahead of every other external foundation model evaluated.
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Toto (Time Series Optimized Transformer for Observability) is a **state-of-the-art** time-series foundation model designed for multi-variate time series forecasting, emphasizing observability metrics. Toto efficiently handles high-dimensional, sparse, and non-stationary data commonly encountered in observability scenarios. The average rank of Toto compared to the runner-up models on both the GIFT-Eval and BOOM benchmarks (as of May 19, 2025). - **Zero-Shot Forecasting**: Perform forecasting without fine-tuning on your specific time series. - **High-Dimension Multi-Variate Support**: Efficiently process multiple variables using Proportional Factorized Space-Time Attention. - **Decoder-Only Transformer Architecture**: Support for variable prediction horizons and context lengths. - **Probabilistic Predictions**: Generate both point forecasts and uncertainty estimates using a Student-T mixture model. - **Extensive Pretraining on Large-Scale Data**: Trained on over 2 trillion time series data points, the largest pretraining dataset for any open-weights time series foundation model to date. - **Tailored for Observability Metrics with State-of-the-Art Performance** on GIFT-Eval and BOOM.
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